In the early days of railroading, the job of cleaning up a wreck was usually
done by men and horses. The first steam wrecking crane, a relatively small
affair with a 20-ton lifting capacity, appeared in 1883. Its maker, Industrial
Works of Bay City Michigan, introduced a fully revolving model a decade later.
As the product became popular, Industrial Works, now renamed Industrial
Brownhoist, and its chief competitor, Bucyrus-Erie of South Milwaukee,
introduced larger and larger models to cope with increasing locomotive and car
weights. By the World War I era, 120 tons was a common size, and by the Second
World War, crane sizes topped out at around 250 tons of lifting capacity.
While a wreck train on the way to a wreck had priority over other traffic,
cranes were subject to rather low speed restrictions, typically around 35 mph
with the boom trailing and 25 mph if the boom was facing forward. The larger
hook closer to the cab was actually the main lifting hook, used for locomotives.
The hook at the end of the boom was a lower-capacity auxiliary hook, used when
more reach was needed. Slings, chains, and spreader bars were used to attach the
hook to the car or locomotive being lifted; the hooks were never attached
directly.
To supply fuel and water for the crane, an older tender from a scrapped
locomotive was often part of the wreck train. While some cranes were capable of
limited self-propulsion, that was only for positioning at a site, not for travel
to and from wrecks or jobs.
Because of their importance and the urgent nature of their work, cranes were
usually well maintained and lasted for many decades. Our model represents a
typical steam-powered Bucyrus-Erie crane of about 160-ton capacity built in the
first several decades of the 20th century. It would likely have served until
close to the end of the century, probably being converted to diesel power
somewhere along the way.
The crane tender had two jobs: to protect the crane's boom and enable it to
be coupled with other cars on the way to a wreck site, and to carry the tools,
chains, slings and other gear needed to clear a wreck. Unlike the crane itself,
which was a precision piece of gear made by a specialized company, the crane
tender was usually a home-built affair, cobbled together from whatever a
railroad's shop crew had lying around. Our model represents a typical such car,
built from what appears to be an older flatcar and part of an outside-braced
wooden boxcar, functioning as an equipment shed.
The rest of a typical wreck train usually had the same hand-me-down look.
Passenger and freight cars no longer fit for revenue service were recycled into
crew, equipment, and tool cars for wreck and maintenance of way service.
Crane Features:
Crane Tender Features:
The crane and tender are in Like New condition. The boxes show some shelf wear.